We introduced three major versions over its first five years, 1987 to 1992, corresponding to three kinds of presentations: PowerPoint 1.0 made black-and-white overheads PowerPoint 2.0 (for Mac, 1988 for Windows, 1990) added color 35mm slides, sent over a modem to a service bureau for imaging and film processing and PowerPoint 3.0 (for Mac and Windows, 1992) added video effects so video could replace “multimedia” shows, which simulated motion by using large banks of synchronized 35mm slide projectors.ĭesign for PowerPoint 1.0 for Windows 2.0, October 1987, showing multiple-document interface. PowerPoint was designed to take advantage of graphical personal computers, specifically Macintosh and Windows.
Macintosh had no color and no video out, but it was a good match to overheads.ĭennis Austin was the first architect who designed the PowerPoint program, starting in late 1984 Thomas Rudkin joined him in 1986, and they developed all of the PowerPoint 1.0 software. Typographic fonts were better than a typewriter, and charts and diagrams could be imported from MacDraw, MacPaint, and Excel, thanks to the new Mac clipboard. PowerPoint handled the task of making the overheads all look alike one change reformats them all. Using PowerPoint 1.0, presenters could directly control their own overheads and would no longer have to work through the person with the typewriter. Transparencies were not a performance in and of themselves but a focus point. Overhead presentations were used for “talking in meetings,” designed for a fully lighted room (hence black letters on a clear back-ground) where the speaker and others could see one another and interact. There was no color, because copiers then produced only black-and-white images. Before PowerPoint, they were usually produced by photocopying a page that had been typed by the department secretary (the only person with a typewriter), with hand-drawn diagrams. Overhead transparencies were clear films, the size of a sheet of A4 or letter paper, and were projected from a lighted platform through a mirror and lens positioned “overhead” on a raised arm.
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Left, PowerPoint 1.0 for Mac as shipped in 1987 by Forethought right, PowerPoint 2010 being shipped today by Microsoft. It also produced notes for the presenter, and handouts for the audience. PowerPoint 1.0 (for Mac, April 1987) produced overhead transparencies on a black-and-white Macintosh for laser printing (normally on paper, to be photocopied to transparencies). What is very different today is who uses PowerPoint, and how. Since that time a tremendous amount of work has been required to re-implement it for many generations of new platform versions, but the product concept has remained stable.
PowerPoint was developed very carefully, and with a lot of planning for how it would evolve, so early on it achieved pretty much its complete set of concepts and functions. Robert: Curiously, PowerPoint itself has probably changed less than the world around it has changed in twenty-five years. Geetesh: Twenty-five years ago, you created PowerPoint - as far as the program is concerned, what’s the same? And what’s different? In this conversation, Robert discusses how PowerPoint evolved, and how it was named. Gaskins headed this new Microsoft group for another five years, completing versions of the PowerPoint product through the explosive initial growth of Microsoft Windows and the creation of the Microsoft Office bundle. It was released for Macintosh in April 1987 soon after, it became the first significant acquisition ever made by Microsoft, who set up a new business unit in Silicon Valley to develop it further. Gaskins managed the design and development of PowerPoint as a startup where it attracted the first venture capital investment ever made by Apple Computer.
Robert Gaskins invented PowerPoint, drawing on ten years of interdisciplinary graduate study at Berkeley and five years as manager of computer science research for an international telecommunications R&D laboratory in Silicon Valley.
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